In line with previous years, the UAE government continued its collaboration with U.S. law enforcement on counterterrorism cases; its membership in the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS; and its support for counter messaging and CVE platforms, such as the Sawab and Hedayah Centers, respectively. The Netherlands is an active participant in the Counter Terrorism Group (the intelligence services of all EU member states plus Norway and Switzerland) to improve cooperation and information exchange between European counterterrorism services. The United States routinely provides technical and financial assistance and training to partner nations and international organizations to help strengthen their abilities to adequately protect and secure CBRNâapplicable expertise, technologies, and material. Funding and External Aid: The groupâs sources of funding are unknown. In January 2016, AQIM carried out an attack on a hotel in Burkina Faso that resulted in 28 deaths; 56 people were injured. International and Regional Cooperation: Ethiopia participated in AU-led counterterrorism efforts, including as part of the AMISOM forces in Somalia.⯠Ethiopia also supported counterterrorism efforts in Somalia with the Somali National Army and other regional security initiatives.⯠Ethiopia is chair of the Djibouti-based Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) and participated in its counterterrorism programs and trainings, including the IGAD Security Sector Program, which builds regional capacity to mitigate, detect, and deter terrorist activity.⯠Although not a member, Ethiopia participated in regional GCTF meetings. Tunisia Senegal is working to improve its law enforcement capacity by participating in multilateral efforts, such as the GCTFâs Border Security Initiative, AU programs, and the Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS).⯠Additionally, Senegal continued to work with the International Organization for Migration to promote cooperation and coordination between border agencies.⯠Senegal also received support from the Department of Stateâs Antiterrorism Assistance program, which provided courses and consultations directly focused on soft target identification and protection, as well as the aforementioned counterterrorism center. Additional work is required to develop expertise in financial crimes awareness, prevention, identification, investigations, case management, interagency and departmental coordination, and border control. Countering the Financing of Terrorism: There were no significant changes in 2018. Countering the Financing of Terrorism:⯠Lebanon held the presidency of the Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force (MENAFATF) in 2018. In April 2018, 18 BH militants launched an attack using suicide bombers, mortars, and gunmen, targeting two villages and a military base, killing 14 civilians and one soldier. In addition, Chinese officials provided few responses to requests from U.S. law enforcement officials for information on terrorist incidents. On January 28, three separate ELN attacks in northern Colombia killed eight Colombian National Police officers and left dozens wounded. On October 30, Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Ralph Goodale announced that Canada would not risk sending officials into Syria to repatriate FTFs, as Canada had no legal responsibility to do so in the case of voluntary travelers. There were no reported attacks by JI in 2016, 2017, or 2018. In 2018, following ISISâs demonstrated use of chemical agents in territory it controlled between 2014 and 2017, the United States continued to work with Iraq to deny ISIS access to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) materials and expertise strengthening the ability of Iraqâs government, academic institutions, and private sector to secure weaponizable chemical and biological materials and detect, disrupt, and respond effectively to suspected CBRN activity. In October, BH released 21 Chibok schoolgirls to Nigerian authorities in exchange for the release of selected BH members; it was the first mass release of Chibok hostages since the 2014 abductions. On October 30, in a highly publicized news conference, PET Chief Finn Borch Andersen and Minister of Foreign Affairs Anders Samuelsen announced a Norwegian national of Iranian descent was arrested in Sweden in connection with the plot and extradited to Denmark for trial. Since August, media reports indicated at least six individuals with known links to terrorist groups were released from prison, including a Maldivian charged with joining a terrorist organization while in Pakistan, but freed based on insufficient evidence. The number of incidents nearly doubled in 2018, and an upward trend is expected to continue. Thailand continues to implement UNSCR 1373 obligations in the banking and insurance sectors. Dublin police also linked the RIRA to a cache of explosives they found in Dublin in April 2016. A Philippine court granted a U.S. request for the extradition of Russell Salic to face charges stemming from his alleged involvement in a plot to attack New York City targets, though extradition was pending appeal at yearâs end, as Salic faces prosecution in the Philippines on separate charges. The statement mentioned Mauritania and defined the Islamic Maghreb to include Mauritania.⯠After an August 10 incident involving drug traffickers in the northeast of Mauritania, the Mauritanian army sent more troops to reinforce its presence along the Malian border.⯠It remains unclear to what extent the individuals arrested for trafficking were supporting or financing terrorist groups through their illicit activity. In 2018, the Government of Iraq â including the Central Bank of Iraq, law enforcement, and the judiciary â continued to dismantle ISISâs financial networks and safeguard its financial institutions from exploitation by ISIS.⯠Iraq enforced a national directive to prohibit financial transactions with banks and financial companies located in areas formerly controlled by ISIS (before their territorial defeat).⯠It also shared a list of banned exchange houses and money transfer companies with regional regulators and took judicial action against more than a dozen individuals and companies suspected of illicit financial activity.⯠These actions ranged from business closures to arrests of suspects. Iranâs annual financial backing to Hizballah â an estimated US $700 million per year â accounts for the overwhelming majority of the groupâs annual budget. The group was responsible for many high-profile attacks in 2012 that included a suicide bombing of a police station in Istanbul. Funding and External Aid: The source of IGâs funding is unknown. The VOA South and Central Asia Division has been active in its coverage around the world. The organization may receive limited support from IRA hardliners and sympathizers who are dissatisfied with the IRAâs cease-fire and with Sinn Feinâs involvement in the peace process. Nigerâs law enforcement capacity benefited from U.S.-provided assistance, including the use of PISCES and through the Department of State Antiterrorism Assistance program.⯠Niger continued a U.S.-led biometric enrollment initiative for terror-related detainees in its two high-security prisons.⯠Niger was one of six African countries participating in the Security Governance Initiative to strengthen coordination among its military and law enforcement services. Mauritania has not experienced a terrorist attack since 2011. Serbiaâs Operational Working Group consists of TES, the Security Information Agency (BIA), and the Prosecutorâs Office. Of that number, 35 were killed, approximately 38 remain, and 83 returned to North Macedonia. Attacks with armed assaults and vehicles were deadlier than incidents with other weapons, including bombings and explosives. Schools, universities, workplaces and essential services such as retail stores will be exempt from the new measures. Nigeria continued to work with other affected neighbors under the Multinational Joint Task Force to counter-BH and ISIS-WA and regain control over territory. Activities: AOI is responsible for several rocket attacks on Israel, and the 2006 and 2007 kidnappings of civilians, including a U.S. journalist. After the migrant crisis in 2014-15 and the spate of terrorist attacks in Europe in recent years, Bulgaria tightened its border control rules and began screening all travelers at its border crossings. VOA has been particularly successful in reaching non-Arabic-speaking Muslim audiences in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, the Balkans, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Mali, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia, and Tanzania, among other places. Thirty-seven percent of incidents in India were not attributed to a specific perpetrator group. Aka ISIL Khorasan; Islamic State’s Khorasan Province; ISIS Wilayat Khorasan; ISILâs South Asia Branch; South Asian chapter of ISIL. Colombia The expansion of terrorism in West Africa made a dramatic impact on the numbers of incidents and casualties there. ISIS-SP attacked an Egyptian army base in April and attacked an Egyptian police checkpoint in December, killing 15 soldiers in each attack. On October 25, Interior Minister Fernando Grande-Marlaska announced that Spain would revise the plan, which âneeds an important revamp.â. It requires all entities and persons who are involved in the exchange of digital currencies into money and vice versa, as well as the exchange of one digital currency for another, to register with BNM. As part of the Coalition, Italy was the second largest contributor of troops in Iraq, after the United States, heads the Coalitionâs police training sub-group, and leads efforts to train Iraqi police and security forces. Counterterrorism cooperation and training is a growing part of the U.S. relationship with Sri Lanka. Aka Continuity Army Council; Continuity IRA; Republican Sinn Fein. In 2013, two IJU videos showed attacks against an American military base in Afghanistan and an IJU sniper shooting an Afghan soldier. On November 10, the ADF attacked Mayi Moya, north of Beni, and left a note on behalf of the ADF/National Army for the Liberation of Uganda stating the attack was in retaliation for MONUSCO and FARDC actions against the ADF. In March, Serbia ceased all bilateral border security cooperation with Kosovo. In February 2018, ISIS-WA abducted a Christian student in Nigeria and in March kidnapped three aid workers during an attack that killed dozens of other people. On August 12, a suicide bomber detonated prematurely as he approached the al-Azra Coptic Church in the Shubra neighborhood of Cairo. In March 2016, a Greek court sentenced Maziotis to life in prison plus 129 years. The Government of Chad continued its active participation in anti-terrorism training courses in 2018, including joint border security training with Cameroon.⯠Chadian National Police continued to seek U.S. government training on investigations, crisis response, and border security.⯠The Director General of the National Police improved its performance by fostering more efficient and effective communication across bureau lines and through cooperation with the U.S. Embassy. Norway coordinates with INTERPOL and Europol to enhance its vetting processes and has access to the Schengen Information System and the Visa Information System to share and receive information regarding suspected terrorists. Additionally, the 2018 Annex employed a new set of variables to record victims of terrorist incidents that did not exist in previous Annexes. 2018 Terrorist Incidents: There were no reported terrorist incidents in Austria in 2018. In Yemen, Houthi attacks enabled by U.S.-designated Iranian entities or proxies targeted military and civilian sites, primarily associated with Republic of Yemen Government (ROYG) and Saudi-led coalition members. In September, Brazil participated in a Workshop on Preventing Terrorism and Transnational Crime in the TBA, which encompassed Puerto Iguazú, Argentina; Ciudad del Este, Paraguay; and Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. The Committee therefore heavily relied on the international donor community for funding and program implementation. It later split into pro-Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), pro-Syrian, and pro-Libyan factions. Location/Area of Operation: LeT has global connections and a strong operational network throughout South Asia. Countering Violent Extremism: Through entities such as the International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research (ICPVTR) and the Religious Rehabilitation Group (RRG), Singapore serves as a regional CVE hub. In October 2015, two senior JI leaders â Zarkashi and JI military leader Abu Dujana â were released from prison after serving seven years each in Indonesian jails. In a notable shift from previous years, China announced that no violent terrorist incidents occurred in the XUAR in 2018 owing to ânew counter-extremism policies,â â thus publicly justifying Beijingâs repressive campaign in Xinjiang. The Secretary determined that the DPRK government repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism, as the DPRK was implicated in assassinations on foreign soil. Terrorist incidents in 2018 included the following: Legislation, Law Enforcement, and Border Security: Nigerâs laws criminalized acts of terrorism consistent with international instruments.⯠Niger finalized a National Border Security Strategy in 2018 with support from the U.S. UAE-backed Yemeni forces continued to play a significant role in counterterrorism efforts. China is a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and East Asia Summit, and it is also a member of the GCTF. Overall, the UAE security apparatus demonstrated capability in investigations, crisis response, and border security, and forces were trained and equipped to detect, deter, and respond to terrorist incidents. In January, the Court of Appeals upheld the sentences of seven defendants convicted of funding ISIS and training ISIS members to use arms.⯠The first defendant, a Lebanese national, was also convicted of fighting for ISIS and sentenced to 15 years.⯠The other six defendants (two Kuwaitis, two Saudis, one Syrian, and one Egyptian) were sentenced to 10 years each. AUM continues to maintain facilities in Japan and Russia. VOA Turkish also produced a Monday-through-Friday newscast for the website and a 30-minute weekly Americana program for the internet. Country Reports on Terrorism 2018 is submitted in compliance with Title 22 of the United States Code, Section 2656f (the âActâ), which requires the Department of State to provide Congress a full and complete annual report on terrorism for those countries and groups meeting the criteria of the Act.⯠Statutory excerpts relating to the terms used in this report and a discussion of the interpretation and application of those terms in this report are included below. Aka al-Qaâeda; Qaâidat al-Jihad (The Base for Jihad); formerly Qaâidat Ansar Allah (The Base of the Supporters of God); the Islamic Army; Islamic Salvation Foundation; The Base; The Group for the Preservation of the Holy Sites; The Islamic Army for the Liberation of the Holy Places; the World Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders; the Usama Bin Laden Network; the Usama Bin Laden Organization; al-Jihad; the Jihad Group; Egyptian al-Jihad; Egyptian Islamic Jihad; New Jihad. Led by RFE/RL in cooperation with VOA, Current Time provides viewers with informed and up-close coverage of major news and events that are not reported, or are misreported, elsewhere. In late 2012, Ansaru kidnapped a French engineer allegedly owing to French involvement in Mali. Countering the Financing of Terrorism: Nepal belongs to the Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering (APG), a FATF-style regional body. Countering the Financing of Terrorism:⯠Nigeria is a member of the Inter-Governmental Action Group against Money Laundering in West Africa (GIABA), a FATF-style regional body.⯠Nigeriaâs FIU, the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit, was readmitted to the Egmont Group in September following President Buhari signing into law the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Agency Bill, which made Nigeriaâs FIU operationally autonomous â a requirement the Egmont Group places on all of its members. Funding and External Aid: HMâs sources of support are unknown, but it is suspected to receive funding from sources in Pakistan. HQNâs founder Jalaluddin Haqqani established a relationship with Usama bin Laden in the mid-1980s, and joined the Taliban in 1995. On occasion, it has provided advance warning to police of its attacks. The eastern Libya-based Libyan National Army (LNA) announced in June that a military operation had cleared the city of Derna of extremist fighters.⯠The LNA, led by General Khalifa Haftar and not aligned with the GNA, has expressed the goal of ridding Libya of terrorist groups. Overview: The Kingdom of Denmark (which includes the autonomous constituent countries of Greenland and the Faroe Islands) devoted significant assets to counterterrorism programs and CVE initiatives, domestically and abroad. The Department of Stateâs Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) supported the Mexican governmentâs effort to establish a secure telecommunications network for the southern border and helped develop the first standardized basic training course for Mexicoâs immigration service, the National Migration Institute (INM). In July, the Philippine Congress passed, and President Duterte signed, the Bangsamoro Organic Law (also called the Bangsamoro Basic Law), to implement the previous administrationâs peace agreement with the MILF. NEWSMAX.COM America's News Page © {{$root.nmx_currentdate | date:'yyyy'}} Newsmax Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved IM maintains ties to other terrorist entities including Pakistan-based Lashkar e-Tayyiba, Jaish-e-Mohammed, and Harakat ul-Jihad Islami. Subsequently, the groupâs core leadership was based largely in Pakistanâs Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (formerly known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas), until Pakistani military operations in 2014 significantly degraded the group there. The UN is a close partner of, and participant in, the GCTF and its activities.⯠In 2018, the GCTF co-chairs, Morocco and the Netherlands, issued a report on recommendations for the UN and GCTF to increase cooperation and partnership in both GCTF and UN activities. ISIS-K claimed responsibility for the attack. However, the strategyâs law enforcement-centered approach and continued restrictions on religious practice have prompted concerns among some outside experts that the governmentâs efforts may be counterproductive. Location/Area of Operation: The group operated in Darnah, Libya. Aka Jamaat Nosrat al-Islam wal-Mouslimin; Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims; Group to Support Islam and Muslims; GSIM; GNIM; Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimeen. Legislation, Law Enforcement, and Border Security: Thailand is drafting a new Counterterrorism Act, which aims to integrate existing terrorism-related laws into one document. The Thai government generally does not regard counterterrorism or CVE efforts as high priorities in comparison with competing domestic concerns. Additionally, sniper attacks injured IDF forces and resulted in the death of at least one IDF soldier.⯠Since April, militants sent hundreds of incendiary devices into southern Israel by kite and balloon, resulting in more than 7,000 acres burned, including a forest preserve and numerous farmed fields, causing more than US $2 million in damages. Overview: The Kyrgyz Republicâs counterterrorism efforts continued to focus on rooting out those it considered âextremists,â countering the spread of âextremism,â limiting the flow of Kyrgyz national FTFs, and preventing those returning from conflicts abroad from engaging in terrorist activities. More than 400 Kosovar men, women, and children are known to have traveled to Syria and Iraq to join terrorist groups, of which approximately 70 are deceased. Section 2656f(d) of Title 22 of the United States Code defines certain key terms used in Section 2656f(a) as follows: (1) The term âinternational terrorismâ means terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than one country; (2) The term âterrorismâ means premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against non-combatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents; and. Al-Ghazali is a senior member of AQAP who is involved in internal security and in training the groupâs operatives. On March 19, four men between the ages of 19 and 23 connected to Kurdish organizations in Syria threw Molotov cocktails at the Turkish Embassy. Other groups, such as al-Qaâida and ISIS, were also active in Afghanistan. Location/Area of Operation: The LTTE is based in Sri Lanka and India. On September 14, eight al-Shabaab terrorists stopped a bus bound for Garissa and executed two passengers. Description: Al-Qaâida in Iraq (AQI) was designated as a FTO on December 17, 2004. The PA is also drafting its first prosecutorsâ manual on policy and procedures to investigate and prosecute terrorist financing and money laundering cases. Although Uzbekistan does not disclose data on returning FTFs,â¯local media in March reported that a Fergana district court in Uzbekistan sentenced an Uzbek fighter who had returned from Syria and was reportedly planning a terrorist act in Russia to 15 years imprisonment. ISIS-K was responsible for 13 incidents (4 percent). JNIM has described itself as al-Qaâidaâs official branch in Mali and has claimed responsibility for numerous attacks and kidnappings since it was formed in March 2017. Facilities Targeted in Terrorist Incidents Worldwide, 2018 As a transit country for illicit goods, money, and migrants, Panamaâs geographic location makes its willingness to engage on counterterrorism important for regional security. Human Rights Watch documented numerous allegations of human rights violations by Malian security forces in counterterrorism operations, particularly in the center of the country. Funding and External Aid: HUM collects donations from wealthy donors in Pakistan. International and Regional Cooperation: In November, Omani delegations attended both an IMCTC meeting in Riyadh and the League of Arab States meeting on combating terrorism in Cairo.⯠Oman also attended the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) summit in Riyadh in December, and it continues to participate in the U.S.-GCC Strategic Cooperation Forum.⯠Oman regularly votes in favor of counterterrorism measures in the UN General Assembly, the Arab League, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. The Government of Turkmenistan continued its efforts to improve the capacity of law enforcement agencies to combat terrorism, ensure border security, and detect terrorist financing. Owing to the evolution in data collection methodology with respect to both the Worldwide Incidents Tracking System and the Global Terrorism Database, as well as the Global Terrorism Trends and Analysis Center, we have restricted the analysis of global terrorism to 2018. In many parts of Libya, armed groups, rather than state institutions, provide security and law enforcement functions, including detaining terrorist elements.⯠National police and security forces are fragmented, are inadequately trained and equipped, and lack clear reporting chains and coordination mechanisms.⯠Libyaâs military forces are similarly weak and fragmented.⯠Non-state armed groups often overmatch formal security structures. The DPRK was previously designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism in 1988 primarily because of its involvement in the bombing of a Korean Airlines passenger flight in 1987. ISIS-Greater Sahara Terrorists inspired by or affiliated with ISIS perpetrated at least two small-scale attacks in 2018. In November, Balochistan separatists attacked the Chinese consulate in Karachi and killed four Pakistani citizens. Terrorists took advantage of long-standing intercommunal and ethnic tensions to significantly increase violence against civilians. In 2013, the group split from AQI and became an independent entity. On March 7, the Knesset passed an amendment to the 2016 Combating Terrorism Law that authorized the police to issue restrictions on the release of bodies of terrorists who died in the course of perpetrating or attempting to perpetrate terrorist acts.⯠The amendment also provided police with the authority to impose restrictions on the processing of terroristsâ funerals. Many AQ leaders have been killed in recent years, including Usama bin Laden in May 2011. In October, France imposed sanctions on two Iranian operatives and the internal directorate of the Iranian intelligence agency (MOIS) in connection with the covert terrorist plot. Burkina Faso also experienced increased terrorism in the northern and eastern parts of the country. In 2018, Hamas and other Gaza-based groups launched more than 750 rockets and mortar shells toward Israel. Two Turkish National Intelligence Organization (Milli Istihbarat Teskilatı, or MIT) officers who were kidnapped in 2017 by the PKK in northern Iraq remained missing at yearâs end. Between January 3 and 7, 2015, BH carried out a massacre in Baga, Borno State; reported casualties ranged from 150 to more than 2,000 killed, injured, or disappeared. These efforts complement the Servicesâ continuing reporting in the Bashkir, Chechen, and Tatar languages while extending their reach to new audiences. 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